Intelligence

QPU Benchmarks

Performance metrics for quantum processors. No single benchmark captures full QPU capability — evaluate multiple metrics in context of your workload.

Methodology Note

Benchmarks are published by manufacturers and cloud providers using their own methodologies. Not all metrics are defined consistently or directly comparable across architectures or vendors. hardware.co reports metrics as published. See Methodology →

Two-Qubit Gate Fidelity

The probability that a two-qubit gate operation produces the correct quantum state. Higher is better. Typical values: 99.0–99.9% for leading systems.

Why it matters: Determines how many gates can be applied before errors dominate.

Arch note: Typically measured by randomized benchmarking. Comparison across architectures requires caution.

Measurement / Readout Fidelity

Probability that qubit state measurement returns the correct value.

Typical values: 98–99.9%

Measurement: State discrimination via single-shot readout; varies by qubit type.

T1 — Energy Relaxation Time

Time before a qubit in excited state spontaneously decays. Limits total circuit duration.

Units: Microseconds (µs) for superconducting; seconds for trapped-ion

Note: Trapped-ion and neutral-atom systems typically have much longer T1 than superconducting qubits.

T2 — Dephasing Time

Time before quantum phase information is lost. Limits effective circuit depth.

Variants: T2 (Ramsey) and T2* (Hahn echo) measured differently; always check methodology.

Note: T2 ≤ 2×T1. Gate time must be short compared to T2 for reliable operation.

Hardware Metrics by QPU

Gate-based quantum processors. Annealers and analog systems use different performance characterizations.

QPU	Architecture	2Q Gate Fidelity	Readout Fidelity	T1	T2	Source
IBM Eagle r1 IBM Quantum	Superconducting	—	—	—†	—†	IBM
IBM Heron r2 IBM Quantum	Superconducting	—	—	—†	—†	IBM
IonQ Forte IonQ	Trapped Ion	99.50%	99.50%	—†	—†	IonQ
IonQ Forte Enterprise IonQ	Trapped Ion	—	—	—†	—	IonQ
Rigetti Ankaa-3 Rigetti Computing	Superconducting	—	—	—†	—	Amazon Web Services
Quantinuum H2-1 Quantinuum	Trapped Ion	99.90%	99.90%	—†	—†	Quantinuum
IQM Spark IQM Quantum Computers	Superconducting	—	—	—†	—	IQM
IQM Radiance IQM Quantum Computers	Superconducting	—	—	—†	—	IQM

≥ 99.5% — excellent

99.0–99.5% — good

< 99.0% or not published

† Value not published as a single number; hover for notes. Data sourced from manufacturer documentation and published research. Specifications change with hardware updates. —† indicates range available in source documentation.